公司戰略與風險管理知識點
The PESTEL model looks at the macro environment, using the following headings:
| Political | The political environment includes taxation policy, government stability and foreign trade regulations. |
| Economic | The economic environment includes interest rates, inflation, unemployment, disposable income. |
| Social | The social/culture environment includes population demographics, social mobility, income distribution, lifestyle changes, attitudes to work and leisure, and levels of education. |
| Technological | The technological environment is influenced by government spending on research, new discoveries and development, government and industry focus of technological effort, speed of technological transfer and rates of obsolescence. |
| Ecological | The ecological environment, sometimes just referred to as ‘the environment’, considers ways in which the organization can produce its goods and services with the minimum environmental damage. |
| Legal | The legal environment covers influences such as taxation law, employment law, monopoly legislation and environmental protection laws. |
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